India’s rich and diverse cultural heritage has given rise to numerous music genres that reflect its varied traditions, languages, and artistic expressions. Here are the top 10 music genres that originated in India, along with two iconic songs as examples for each genre.
1. Classical (Hindustani & Carnatic)
Indian classical music is one of the oldest forms of music, with two major styles: Hindustani (North Indian) and Carnatic (South Indian). Both rely on ragas (melodic frameworks) and talas (rhythmic cycles).
Songs:
- Raga Yaman by Ustad Rashid Khan (Hindustani)
- Vatapi Ganapatim by M. S. Subbulakshmi (Carnatic)
2. Bhajan
Bhajan is a devotional music genre, often praising Hindu gods and goddesses. These songs are usually sung in temples and spiritual gatherings, evoking a deep sense of spirituality and devotion.
Songs:
- Raghupati Raghav Raja Ram (Traditional Bhajan)
- Achyutam Keshavam by Anup Jalota
Bollypiano link to the sheet music – https://bollypiano.com/product/raghupati-raghav-raja-ram-melody-sheet/
3. Qawwali
Originating in Sufi tradition, Qawwali is a form of devotional music popular in North India and Pakistan. Its roots lie in the mystical Islamic Sufi practices, blending spiritual messages with music.
Songs:
- Bhar Do Jholi Meri by Sabri Brothers
- Khwaja Mere Khwaja by A.R. Rahman (Jodhaa Akbar)
4. Folk
India has a vibrant tradition of folk music, with regional styles like Bihu, Baul, Lavani, and Garba. Folk music is an intrinsic part of local festivities, rituals, and storytelling.
Songs:
- Dama Dam Mast Qalandar (Punjabi folk song)
- Kesariya Balam (Rajasthani folk song)
5. Ghazal
Ghazals are poetic expressions of love, loss, and longing, set to music. This genre combines Urdu poetry with melodies and became especially popular in the 20th century.
Songs:
- Aaj Jaane Ki Zid Na Karo by Farida Khanum
- Tum Itna Jo Muskura Rahe Ho by Jagjit Singh
6. Bollywood/Filmi Music
Bollywood, India’s film industry, has its own genre of music. Bollywood songs are eclectic, blending various Indian and international styles. Bollywood music often sets trends and shapes popular culture in India.
Songs:
- Kal Ho Naa Ho by Sonu Nigam (Kal Ho Naa Ho)
- Jai Ho by A.R. Rahman (Slumdog Millionaire)
Bollypiano link to the sheet music –
7. Rabindra Sangeet
Created by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore, Rabindra Sangeet is a genre of Bengali music that captures human emotions, devotion, and love for nature. It is deeply poetic and philosophical.
Songs:
- Tumi Robe Nirobe by Suchitra Mitra
- Ekla Chalo Re by Kishore Kumar
8. Bhangra
Bhangra originated in Punjab as a folk dance music but evolved into a globally recognized genre, especially with the fusion of electronic and hip-hop elements in modern times.
Songs:
- Mundian To Bach Ke by Panjabi MC
- Bolo Ta Ra Ra by Daler Mehndi
9. Thumri
Thumri is a semi-classical genre known for its expressive nature, typically focusing on romantic and devotional themes. It emphasizes the emotional aspect of the lyrics over strict classical structures.
Songs:
- Babul Mora Naihar Chhooto Jaye by K.L. Saigal
- Yaad Piya Ki Aaye by Girija Devi
10. Indian Fusion
Indian fusion blends traditional Indian music (classical or folk) with genres like jazz, rock, or electronic music. This genre appeals to a modern audience by combining Indian roots with global sounds.
Songs:
- Breathless by Shankar Mahadevan
- Maa Tujhe Salaam by A.R. Rahman
Bollypiano link to the sheet music –
Conclusion
India’s musical heritage is incredibly rich and diverse, with each genre reflecting unique cultural aspects. These genres have not only defined the country’s musical landscape but have also influenced global music trends. Whether it’s the spiritual depth of classical music or the energetic beats of Bhangra, Indian music continues to resonate worldwide.