Indian classical music is a treasure trove of intricate melodies and rich cultural heritage. One of the most captivating and versatile ragas in this tradition is Raag Kalyani, known as Yaman in Hindustani music. This raga, with its serene and uplifting qualities, has inspired countless compositions across various genres of Indian music, including film songs. In this blog, we’ll explore the beauty of Raag Kalyani and highlight some memorable Indian songs based on this raga.
Understanding Raag Kalyani
Raag Kalyani, associated with the Kalyan Thaat in Hindustani music and the 65th Melakarta in Carnatic music, is a sampoorna raga, meaning it uses all seven swaras (notes) in both its ascending and descending scales. The notes are as follows:
Arohana (Ascending): S R2 G3 M2 P D2 N3 S
Avarohana (Descending): S N3 D2 P M2 G3 R2 S
In Hindustani music, the same raga is known as Yaman and follows a similar structure. The defining characteristic of Raag Kalyani is the use of the teevra madhyam (sharp fourth), which imparts a bright and majestic aura to the raga.
The Appeal of Raag Kalyani in Film Music
Raag Kalyani’s versatility and emotional depth have made it a favorite among film composers. Its ability to convey a wide range of emotions, from devotion and romance to melancholy and joy, has resulted in some of the most unforgettable songs in Indian cinema. Let’s take a look at a few iconic songs that beautifully showcase the essence of Raag Kalyani.
Iconic Songs Based on Raag Kalyani
1. “Katrin Mozhi” from Mozhi (2007)
Composer: Vidyasagar
Singer: Balram, Sujatha Mohan, Karthik, Vidyasagar
A beautiful composition that merges modern orchestration with the classic essence of Raag Kalyani. Vidyasagar’s genius shines through in this emotionally uplifting song.
Link to bollypiano’s sheet music of the song –
2. “Pogadhey Pogadhey” from Deepavali (2007)
Composer: Yuvan Shankar Raja
Singer: Haricharan
A contemporary take on Raag Kalyani, this song by Yuvan Shankar Raja captures the angst and passion of love, making it a favourite among the younger audience.
Link to Bollypiano’s sheet music of the song –
3. “Janani Janani” from Thai Moogambikai (1982)
Composer: Ilaiyaraaja
Singer: Ilaiyaraaja
A devotional song that exudes spirituality and reverence, highlighting the divine aspects of Raag Kalyani. Ilaiyaraaja’s heartfelt rendition adds depth to the composition.
4. “Sundari” from Thalapathi (1991)
Composer: Ilaiyaraaja
Singers: S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
This epic song from the movie Thalapathi showcases the grandeur and emotional intensity of Raag Kalyani. Ilaiyaraaja’s orchestration and the powerful vocals make this a truly unforgettable piece.
5. “Surmayee Akhiyon Mein” from Sadma (1983)
Composer: Ilaiyaraaja
Singers: Yesudas, S. Janaki
This hauntingly beautiful lullaby from the movie Sadma is a perfect example of Raag Kalyani’s ability to evoke deep emotions. The melody, combined with the soulful rendition by Yesudas and S. Janaki, creates a poignant and memorable experience.
6. “Aap Ki Nazron Ne Samjha” from Anpadh (1962)
Composer: Madan Mohan
Singer: Lata Mangeshkar
This timeless classic, rendered by the legendary Lata Mangeshkar, is a testament to Raag Kalyani’s romantic charm. Madan Mohan’s composition beautifully captures the essence of unspoken love and admiration.
Link to Bollypiano’s sheet music of the song –
7. “Maname Muruganin Mayilvahanan” from Thai Illamal Naan Illai (1979)
Composer: Ilaiyaraaja
Singer: K. J. Yesudas
This devotional song highlights Raag Kalyani’s spiritual dimension. Ilaiyaraaja’s composition and Yesudas’s divine voice come together to create an atmosphere of devotion and reverence.
8. “Naina Barse Rimjhim Rimjhim” from Woh Kaun Thi? (1964)
Composer: Madan Mohan
Singer: Lata Mangeshkar
Another gem by Madan Mohan, this song beautifully captures the haunting and melancholic shades of Raag Kalyani. Lata Mangeshkar’s ethereal voice adds to the mystique of this song.
9. “Mere Naina Sawan Bhadon” from Mehbooba (1976)
Composer: R.D. Burman
Singers: Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar
A soulful duet that masterfully utilizes Raag Kalyani to express longing and nostalgia. R.D. Burman’s genius lies in his ability to blend classical elements with contemporary sounds, creating a song that resonates with listeners across generations.
Link to Bollypiano’s sheet music of the song –
10. “Ni Sa Ga Ma Pa Ni Sa” – from Shankarabharanam (1979)
- Composer: K. V. Mahadevan
- Singer: Vani Jairam
This song from the Telugu film Shankarabharanam is a classic example of Raag Kalyani’s usage in Carnatic music. The intricate swara patterns and Vani Jairam’s impeccable rendition make this a standout piece.
Conclusion
Raag Kalyani, with its majestic and versatile nature, continues to be a source of inspiration for musicians and composers. Its ability to convey a spectrum of emotions makes it an integral part of Indian classical and film music. Whether it’s the soulful strains of a classical composition or the melodious tunes of a film song, Raag Kalyani never fails to enchant and captivate listeners.
As we delve into the world of Raag Kalyani, we discover not just a raga but an emotional journey that transcends time and touches the soul. So, the next time you listen to a song based on Raag Kalyani, let yourself be transported by its enchanting melodies and timeless beauty.